Still cannot see other thing than websites entries in minimalist form, SP can show images, videos and more

Ddg have AI and its bad. Startpage still being a google API. I consider SP because you can run it completly without javascript

Tutamail, they have direct access by fdroid too

Mx

Nope

I dont know if can help but if you search the direct server to a specific instance maybe can jump the problem. For example: lunar.icu instance can work if you search piped.lunar.icu or kavin.rocks instance by piped.kavin.rocks. Sometimes if the instance work can be useful